Processing principle of freeze dryer

Processing principle of freeze dryer
Freeze-drying technology, referred to as lyophilization, water vapour sublimation in a vacuum environment, low temperature drying, so that the water-containing materials can be stored for a longer period of time. Lyophilization is a method of pre-freezing an aqueous material and then sublimating it under vacuum to obtain a dried article. The freeze-dried items have the same biological and chemical properties, and are easy to store for a long time. After adding water, they can be restored to the form before lyophilization, and can maintain their original biochemical characteristics. Therefore, freeze-drying technology is widely used in the chemical industry, biological products and other fields.
Freeze-drying is a good way to preserve tissues and tissues that are sensitive to biological properties. The freeze dryer is suitable for drying bacteria, viruses, plasma, serum, antibodies, vaccines, and pharmaceuticals, microorganisms, yeast, plant extracts for biological research, and the like. It includes the following two points:
1. It is used for drying and preserving products that are easy to dehydrate. After adding water, it can restore the characteristics of raw materials without affecting its biological activity.
2. Drying is achieved at very low temperature, the protein remains anhydrous, and other major chemical bonds remain unchanged. By freeze-drying, materials such as tissue, tissue extract, bacteria, vaccine, and plasma become dry. Thus, no enzymatic, bacterial or chemical changes occur.
The disadvantage of the conventional high-temperature dryer is that it causes the material to shrink and destroy the cells. The structure of the sample is not destroyed during the freeze-drying process because the solid component is supported by the firm ice on its seat. When the ice sublimates, he leaves pores in the dry remaining material. This preserves the biological and chemical structure of the product and the integrity of its activity.

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