There are three types of electric and hybrid vehicles

China [CN]

Pure electric vehicles use a large battery and one or more electric motors to propel the vehicle. When the vehicle is not in use, the battery is charged from the electricity grid. Some energy may be recovered during braking.

Hybrid electric vehicles typically have two energy sources: an internal combustion engine, diesel, or gasoline, and a battery. The vehicle automatically selects the most fuel-efficient power source to meet the driver's command and can use both simultaneously. The internal combustion engine and the vehicle's braking and recuperation systems are used to charge the battery.

Plug-in hybrid vehicles are similar to hybrid vehicles, but with the added feature of being able to charge directly from the electricity grid.

Risks of Using Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Garages and recovery operations will be familiar with vehicles with 12 or 24 volt circuits, but electric and hybrid electric vehicles use higher currents. They operate at voltages up to 650 volts DC (direct current). Voltages above 150 volts DC are dangerous in dry conditions, and contact with 600 volts DC can be fatal.

Therefore, there is a real risk of electric shock if the hazards are not understood and controlled. Battery systems store vast amounts of energy, enough to power a one-ton vehicle for over 50 miles. If this power system shorts or suddenly releases energy, it could result in: significant damage; fire; explosion.

Batteries also pose a risk of explosion and/or release of hazardous and toxic chemicals if not maintained and handled according to the manufacturer's instructions. The designs of electric and hybrid vehicles vary significantly between manufacturers. Understanding information specific to the manufacturer and vehicle being worked on is crucial to determining the necessary actions to work safely.

In addition to the hazards typically associated with vehicle repair and maintenance, electric and hybrid electric vehicles pose workplace hazards. These include: https://www.omigr.com