1 10-PHENANTHROLINE-5 6-DIONE 97

China [CN]

Physical and Chemical Properties

1. Physical Properties

Melting Point: 258-262°C (determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the melting point range fluctuates slightly at 97% purity, with the pure product melting at approximately 260°C);

Boiling Point: Unspecified (easily decomposes at high temperatures, usually not purified by distillation);

Solubility: Good solubility in polar solvents, as follows:

Freely soluble in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and pyridine;

Soluble in polar protic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and ethyl acetate (solubility approximately 5-10 g/L at room temperature);

Poorly soluble in non-polar solvents such as petroleum ether and n-hexane; insoluble in water;

Stability: Stable for over 12 months at room temperature when stored in a dry, dark, and sealed container. Can be reduced to 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-diol by strong reducing agents (such as sodium borohydride) and may undergo protonation by strong acids. 2. Chemical Properties

Functional Group Reactivity: The two keto carbonyl groups (-CO-) in the molecule are core active sites, capable of undergoing reduction reactions (forming diols), oximation reactions (forming oxime derivatives with hydroxylamine), and hydrazolation reactions (reacting with hydrazines). They can also serve as ligands to coordinate metal ions (such as Fe²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺) (similar to the chelating ability of 1,10-phenanthroline, where the diketone structure enhances coordination stability).

Redox Activity: The phenanthroline skeleton possesses some oxidizing properties, capable of oxidizing some low-valent metal ions, but its oxidizing properties are weaker than those of strong oxidants (such as potassium permanganate).

Aromaticity: The phenanthroline skeleton is an aromatic ring structure, capable of undergoing electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, such as nitration and sulfonation (primarily occurring on the benzene ring substituted with non-keto carbonyl groups).